In the English language, there are many instances in which words that are similar in meaning differ in how formal they sound.
To illustrate this point, you wouldn’t call your pet golden retriever an associate because that word has a professional tone to it.
However, it is quite common to refer to dogs as friends or companions. We even have a popular phrase to describe dogs—man’s best friend.
In the table below, there are 25 more examples of these informal/formal word pairs.
Original Noun | Formal Version |
Books | Literature |
Brother/Sister | Sibling |
Bug | Insect |
Car | Vehicle |
Cat | Feline |
Clothing | Attire |
Cook | Chef |
Cop | Police officer |
Customer | Client |
Doctor | Physician |
Dog | Canine |
Driver | Motorist |
Food | Cuisine |
Husband/Wife | Spouse |
Kid | Child |
Lawyer | Attorney |
Money | Funds |
Movie | Film/Motion picture |
Person | Individual |
Question | Inquiry |
Shoes | Footwear |
Singer | Vocalist |
Teacher | Educator |
Thing | Item |
Worker | Employee |
Conclusions
You can use this list to match your word choices to the desired tone of your text. Writing an academic report? Use the right column. Sending a text message to a close friend? Choose words from the left.
And now that you’ve made it to the end of the article, do any other good examples come to mind? Feel free to share them down in the comments section!
Lastly, be sure to check back next week for another TextRanch English lesson!
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